A cadential point brings the musical phrase to a resting point, which may or may not be followed by a pause.
Which of the following excerpts ends with a cadential point that brings the phrase to a resting point?
Answer: Excerpt C
Unity alone sustains interest and appeals to our need and enjoyment of the new, different, and unexpected.
Answer: False
A music ensemble is:
Answer: A group of musicians that perform as a unit.
Handel uses different combinations of dynamics and timbre to achieve unity and variety in See Here the Conqu’ring Hero Comes.
Which of the following two excerpts combines more instruments and louder dynamics?
Answer: Excerpt A
Two of the most obvious musical elements that composers use to achieve variety are dynamics and timbre.
Answer: True
Dynamic variety refers to the use of different sound sources.
Answer: False
Which of the following excerpts from See Here the Conqu’ring Hero Comes uses loud dynamics?
Answer: Excerpt A
Listen to the following excerpts of Idea A from G. F. Handel’s See Here the Conqu’ring Hero Comes.
Which one is played by a solo instrument?
Answer: Excerpt B
A musical movement is:
Answer: A complete, self-contained section within a larger music composition.
The short excerpt below ends with a cadence.
Answer: True
Interpretation is one of the composer’s most important tasks.
Answer: False
Deep River is a great example of a jazz piece.
Answer: False
The performer acts as a bridge between the composer and the listener.
Answer: True
The following excerpt features a musical ensemble.
Answer: False
Great performers possess outstanding technique but may not have deep musical understanding.
Answer: False
The following excerpt features a solo performer.
Answer: True
The performer’s messages, emotions, images, memories, and/or thoughts are contained in the music score.
Answer: False
According to Booker T. Washington, plantation songs have nothing to do with religious fervor.
Answer: False
This excerpt features which of the following?
Answer: Vocal Ensemble
The following excerpt features a solo performer.
Answer: False
The Étude Op. 10 No. 12 in C minor by Frédéric Chopin is an example of three-part form.
Answer: False
Structure is not a crucial aspect of music.
Answer: False
Which of the following is an example of a cadential point?
Answer: Example A
(dun, dun, DUNDUN)
Listen to this excerpt from Section A of Chopin’s Étude in C minor.
What is the function of the left hand in the following excerpt?
Answer: Continues playing figurations (melodic patterns)
Listen to these two excerpts.
Which excerpt comes from Section A of Chopin’s Étude Op.10 No. 12 in C minor?
Answer: Excerpt 2
The term étude refers to pieces that are used to teach a particular technical skill to performers.
Answer: True
An understanding of form enhances and improves one’s appreciation of music.
Answer: True
In the Étude Op. 10 No. 12 in C minor by Frédéric Chopin, the chords played by the right hand represent the accompaniment.
Answer: False
Form is a way of defining the organization of a piece of music.
Answer: True
The Étude Op. 10 No. 12 in C minor by Frédéric Chopin is nicknamed Revolutionary because it started a major upheaval in Paris in 1820.
Answer: False
Select the culture whose mythology is filled with references to the healing power of music:
Answer: All of these answers
Music only affects our feelings and thoughts.
Answer: False
Music’s main power is its ability to symbolize an era of society or culture.
Answer: False
Leonard B. Meyer refers to the connection between music and its function as a musical:
Answer: Connotation
Musical associations remained fixed in time.
Answer: False
Musical connotation is reinforced by the use of certain instruments.
Answer: True
Music was clinically approved as a medical treatment in 1924.
Answer: True
Absolutists derive pleasure from listening for the way that the different elements of music relate to each other, independently of any extra-musical connotations.
Answer: True
Musical connotation happens when music is associated with extra-musical events or experiences.
Answer: True
Evidence of the healing power of music has only been collected recently.
Answer: False
The perceptive listener combines the characteristics of all types of listeners.
Answer: True
Music that is not associated with a particular story, image, object, or event is called _________
Music.
Answer: Absolute
A referential listener is a person that is mainly concerned with judging the quality of the performance of a piece of music.
Answer: False
This is a short excerpt from J.S. Bach’s Air from the Suite No. 3 in D major. Listening to that excerpt, a casual listener would be more inclined to do which of the following?
Answer: Enjoy the music as background
Perceptive listeners are mainly concerned with extra-musical connections or associations.
Answer: False
The critical listener combines the characteristics of all types of listeners.
Answer: False
Referential listeners are the most common type of listeners.
Answer: False
Music that follows an explicit story is often called program music.
Answer: True
Musical themes cannot represent real or fictional characters.
Answer: False
The casual listener regards music mainly as a mood enhancer or as a pleasant part of the environment.
Answer: True
Which of the following excerpts is an example of jazz?
Answer: Excerpt B
A piece of folk music typically remains unchanged throughout the years
Answer: False
According to the text, the folk song Dark Eyes reflects the Romanian national character.
Answer: False
The excerpt you just heard belongs to a type of music that is:
Answer: Not notated (at least, not in the traditional sense), and includes many improvised sections and solos.
In jazz, performers have wide, creative freedom, even when they are playing from a score.
Answer: True
Listen to the piano playing in this excerpt.
What are the short segments played by the piano alone?
Answer: Riffs
Which of the following excerpts is an example of folk music?
Answer: Excerpt A
Jazz incorporates elements of folk music.
Answer: True
It is common to think of art music as superior to other kinds of music.
Answer: True
In the Western music tradition, sound is represented in written form through musical __________.
Answer: Notation
In the Western music tradition, a note symbol (i.e., its shape) indicates both duration and pitch.
Answer: False
Music notation can be thought of as a:
Answer: Forms of communicaation mong musicians
A notes duration is indicated by
Answer: Whether the note head is filled or not and the number of flags in the stem
A rest symbol indicates
Answer: A period of silence
In the Western music tradition, understanding regarding the duration of sounds has been transmitted via oral means.
Answer: False
Music notation is:
Answer: A graphical system that strives to represent duration, pitch, and other music elements.
The text states that __________ is the essential element in music.
Answer: Rhythm
Just as there are quarter notes, there are quarter rests.
Answer: True
In the Western music tradition, a note symbol (i.e., its shape) indicates pitch.
Answer: False
The precise pitch of a sound is determined by how many _______ happen every second.
Answer: Vibrations
The frequency of the lowest sound that the normal human ear can perceive ranges between 16 and 20 Hertz.
Answer: True
Vibration may be represented in terms of frequency. The basic unit of frequency is called the Hertz. What does one Hertz represent?
Answer: One cycle per second
The pitch of a sound is a person’s absolute perception of how high or low that sound is.
Answer: False
It is very important to recognize that pitch is a relative concept.
Answer: True
The following excerpt from Pictures at an Exhibition features low pitches.
Answer: True
A long string, if plucked really hard, will vibrate faster and thereby produce a higher pitch than a shorter string.
Answer: False
The basic unit of frequency is the:
Answer: Hertz
Which of the following excerpts suggests increasing tension in the music?
Answer: Excerpt B
The audible frequency spectrum in humans ranges between:
Answer: 16 and 20,000 Hertz
The letter name for white keys on the keyboard can change depending on the musical context of a given composition.
Answer: False
The pitch letter names correspond to:
Answer: the white keys on a piano keyboard
The key indicated by the arrow above is correctly labeled.
(F flat or G sharp)
Answer: False
If you take any pitch on the keyboard, the next occurrence of the same letter name going towards the left (down) will vibrate:
Answer: Twice as slow
The “sandwich” key on the piano keyboard is always D.
Answer: True
The black key to the right of the A on this keyboard can be called A sharp or B ____.
Answer: Flat
The black key to the right of the F on this keyboard can be called F sharp or G
Answer: Flat
The name of the white key in between the group of two black keys on the keyboard is:
Answer: D
If the frequency of the C in the middle is 256 Hz, the corresponding frequencies on either side of that C are:
Answer: 512 Hz on the one to the right, and 128 Hz on the one to the left
We refer to specific pitches or tones with letter names using the letters A through G.
Answer: True
The system of parallel lines and spaces used to write music is called notation.
Answer: False
Each line and space on the staff represents a different what?
Answer: Pitch
In musical notation, pitch is indicated exclusively by:
Answer: The position of ntoes on the lines and spaces of the staff
Certain noteheads can only be place on staff lines
Answer: False
Staff notation was so perfectly conceived from the beginning, that the standard in most Western music traditions has always been staff notation.
Answer: False
Noteheads are placed on either lines or spaces on the staff to represent different pitches.
Answer: True
Successive lines and spaces from top to bottom of the staff represent successively lower pitches.
Answer: True
The staff is a system of:
Answer: Five lines and four spaces
A note at the bottom of the staff has a higher pitch than a note at the top of the staff.
Answer: False
In the Western music tradition, a note symbol (i.e., its shape) indicates duration.
Answer: True
Descending intervals are calculated differently from ascending ones.
Answer: False
The descending interval between A and F is a:
Answer: Third
When calculating intervals, both the start and end notes should be included in the count
Answer: True
The distance between D and A (above that D) is a:
Answer: Fifth
The two notes of an octave sound exactly the same due to the simple relationship of their frequencies.
Answer: False
The interval between D and the next above that D, is called a:
Fourth
The two tones of an octave vibrate at the same frequency rate
Answer: False
Ascending and descending intervals are calculated:
Answer: Exactly the same
The distance between two pitches id called a/an
Answer: Interval
Which of the following is a true statement
Answer: Octave is the name of a particular interval size
Which of the following two excerpts uses soft dynamics?
Answer: Excerpt B
The volume of this excerpt is an example of crescendo
Answer: False
Composers started marking their scores with instructions about dynamics:
Answer: Well unto the 17th century
A pianist’s skill in manipulating volume is usually referred to as the performer’s
Answer: Touch
Composers started marking their scores with volume indications as soon as music notation was invented.
Answer: False
Aside from Carmina Burana (1937), Carl Orff is widely known for:
Answer: His work in music education
The volume of this excerpt is loud
Answer: False
This musical excerpt is an example of forte
Answer: True
As a musical concept, dynamics covers only the overall loudness or softness of a piece of music.
Answer: False
This musical excerpt is an example of piano volume
Answer: False
The instrument in this example is a/an
Answer: Membranophone
If someone said that instruments that produce sounds via vibrating columns of air are called aerophones, would that be a true or false statement?
Answer: True
The instrument featured in this example can be classified as:
Answer: Chordophone
The acoustic can be classified as a:
Answer: Chordophone
When a piece has been composed one instrument, but is actually played using another, the resulting work is called:
Answer: An arrangement
What instrument category does the horn belong to?
Answer: Aerophone
Would it be true of false if someone said that the following excerpt is played by chordophones?
Answer: False
Listen to this excerpt from Midsummer Night’s Dream. Which instrument classification is represented?
Answer: Aerophone
Timbre is often referred to as _____ color.
Answer: Tone
The electric guitar can be considered as both a chordophone and a/an:
Answer: Electrophone
Listen to the following excerpt:
Which vocal range does it represent?
Answer: Bass
The soprano register lies between the alto and tenor vocal ranges.
Answer: False
The aria Lucevan le Stelle is from the opera Gianni Schicci by Giacomo Puccini.
Answer: False
The song Dark Eyes is sung by a choir without instrumental accompaniment. This type of vocal group is called:
Answer: A cappella choir
In this section of the song Dark Eyes the a cappella choir accompanies a:
Answer: Baritone
The aria Lucevan le Stelle is composed for a/an:
Answer: Tenor
The baritone range lies between the bass and tenor
Answer: True
The Entry Chorus from Nabucco by Giuseppe Verdi is sung by a chamber choir.
Answer: False
The following excerpt is sung by a baritone.
Answer: False
According to the text, traditional symphony orchestra musicians are permitted to improvise their parts
Answer: False
Which of the following is not a decision about interpretation that a conductor makes?
Answer: Whether to use a modern or old-fashioned baton
What is NOT the role of the conductor in a traditional symphony orchestra?
Answer: Makes sure that, when appropriate, players improvise their parts correctly
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
In this 20-second excerpt, the brass family plays throughout.
Answer: False
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
In this excerpt, the percussion family plays throughout
Answer: False
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
Which orchestral family performs the main theme in this selection?
Answer: String family
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
Which brass instruments are featured prominently in this selection?
Answer: French horns
The sole function of the conductor is to beat time
Answer: False
A traditional symphony orchestra can sometime have more than 100 players
Answer: True
The violins are played pizzicato in this nine-second example.
Answer: True
Which string instrument is featured in this excerpt from Paganini’s 2 Caprices?
Answer: Violin
The sound of string instruments is produced by a ______ stretched between two points.
Answer: vibrating string
In the following 10-second excerpt, the strings use:
Answer: A combination of bowing and pizzicato throughout
Listen to this excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
Which string instrument is featured in the excerpt?
Answer: Harp
How does a violinist control dynamics?
Answer: By applying more or less bow pressure and speed on the strings
In the traditional symphony orchestra, the violins usually play as one undivided group.
Answer: False
The violins are played pizzicato in this 12-second example.
Answer: False
The harp may be a part-time fifth member of the orchestral strings
Answer: True
Which of the following is NOT a way to produce sound in string instruments?
Answer: Blowing
Listen to the following excerpt:
What woodwind instrument plays along with the orchestra?
Answer: Flute
Identify the woodwind instrument in this excerpt by the contemporary composer Aulis Sallinen.
Answer: Flute
In wind instruments, sound is produced by setting a column of air in motion inside the body of the instrument.
Answer: True
The energy with which a player produces the air stream determines __________.
Answer: Volume
The French technical term for “mouthpiece” is la bouche.
Answer: False
The name of this instrument is ________.
Answer: Bassoon
The four main orchestral woodwind instruments are:
Answer: Flute, clarinet, oboe, and bassoon
The name of this instrument is ____.
Answer: Oboe
What instrument plays the melody in this excerpt from Prokofiev’s Peter and the Wolf?
Answer: Oboe
The trumpet and the French horn use valves to change pitch
Answer: True
Which brass instrument plays the melody in this example?
Answer: Trombone
Listen to the following excerpt from Sergei Prokofiev’s Symphony No. 6. There is a dialogue between a high-sounding part and a low one.
Which brass instrument plays the low part
Answer: Tuba
Timpani are capable of producing an actual pitch.
Answer: True
Which percussion instrument is featured in the example?
Answer: Castanets
Kettledrum is another name for timpani.
Answer: True
Keyboard instruments are sometimes part o the orchestra.
Answer: True
The type of music event where a soloist plays by her/himself is called a __________.
Answer: Recital
What instrument plays this example?
Answer: Piano
Chopin’s First Piano Concerto was inspired by a young singer named Constantia Gladkowska.
Answer: False
The term controller refers to:
Answer: The device used to select pitch in an electronic instrument
Handel continued to play organ concertos even after he had lost his sight.
Answer: True
What instrument plays this example?
Answer: Harpsichord
What instrument plays this example?
Answer: Synthesizer
The term concerto refers to a performer playing by her/himself.
Answer: False
Handel’s Eight Suites for Keyboard remained largely unknown in the 18th century, except among his friends.
Answer: False
Upon its invention, the fortepiano eclipsed the popularity of the harpsichord:
Answer: For the next 200 years
All harpsichords use one string per key to produce sound.
Answer: False
The first known instance of a harpsichord dates from:
Answer: Around 1397
Please select the word pair that best completes the following sentence.
When a harpsichordist depresses a key, a simple mechanism causes a __________ to __________ a string.
Answer: quill; pluck
The harpsichord was used as an accompanying instrument in opera only in the 16th century.
Answer: False
When performing, pianists are in direct contact with the source of the sound.
Answer: False
The first organ used water to control wind pressure.
Answer: True
Please select the word pair that best completes the following sentence. The organ is a ____________instrument, whose tone is produced by wind flowing through ____________.
Answer: Keyboard, pipes
The sound source of the synthesizer is an oscillator.
Answer: True
The synthesizer has virtually no standard repertoire.
Answer: True
Since the synthesizer is an electronic instrument, oscillation is not a factor in sound generation.
Answer: False
What is the function of the amplifier?
Answer: It amplifies loudness.
The sole function of the conductor is to beat time
Answer: False
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
Only the percussion family plays throughout In this excerpt.
1:31 – 1:47
Answer: False
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
This 16-second example represents:
2:17 – 2:32
Answer: an excerpt played by the woodwinds
Seating Chart of the Traditional Symphony Orchestra.
Where do the viola players sit?
Answer: in area no. 2
What instrument plays in the following example?
00:49 – 01:08
Answer: Brass
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
In this 16-second excerpt, the trumpets play a variation.
10:33-10:48
Answer: True
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
In this excerpt:
00:00 – 00:20
Answer: the full ochestra playes throughout
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
Which percussion instrument accompanies the trumpets in this selection?
10:29 – 10:42
Answer: snare drum
According to the text, traditional symphony orchestra musicians are permitted to improvise their parts
Answer: False
Listen to the following excerpt from Benjamin Britten’s Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra.
Which orchestral family performs the main theme in this selection?
01:09 – 01:23
Answer: string family
FAQs
Was music clinically approved as a medical treatment in 1924? ›
Music was clinically approved as a medical treatment in 1924. Absolutists derive pleasure from listening for the way that the different elements of music relate to each other, independently of any extra-musical connotations. Musical connotation happens when music is associated with extra-musical events or experiences.
When a harpsichordist depresses a key? ›Depressing a key of a harpsichord results in the plucking of a string. Because the strings of the harpsichord have a much lower tension and diameter, inharmonicities due to stiffness are much less than those of the piano.
Can musical themes represent real or fictional characters? ›Musical themes cannot represent real or fictional characters. The perceptive listener combines the characteristics of all types of listeners.
Who is the father of music therapy? ›Everett Thayer Gaston (July 4, 1901 – 1970) was a psychologist active in the 1940s–1960s who helped develop music therapy in the United States, describing the qualities of musical expression that could be therapeutic.
Does music therapy actually work? ›Music therapy is an evidence-based treatment that helps with a variety of disorders including cardiac conditions, depression, autism, substance abuse and Alzheimer's disease. It can help with memory, lower blood pressure, improve coping, reduce stress, improve self-esteem and more.
What is the 64 chord rule? ›64 involves a static bass above which two of the upper voices perform upper neighbor motion . It typically prolongs tonic or dominant harmonies, and the chords on both sides of it are always in root position.
What are the 4 types of cadences in music? ›Four principal types of harmonic cadence are identified in common practice: usually these are called authentic, half, plagal, and deceptive cadences.
What is the saddest sounding key? ›In short: the key of D minor have historically been regarded as the saddest, darkest and most melancholic key in music. However, with our modern 12 tone equal temperament tuning system, the difference in “sadness” is more about the tone and tuning of the instruments themselves, not the key.
What is the saddest sounding minor key? ›From there it's an easy skip to D, the root of today's subject, the “saddest key,” D minor. That the key of D minor is the key of true sorrow is ostensibly inarguable at this point in time.
What is it called when you press a key on a piano? ›The mechanism of the piano that causes hammers to strike the strings when a key is pressed is called the "action."
What is a short piece of music called? ›
prelude. noun. music a short piece of music, often one that is played on the piano.
What is a recurring melody called? ›A leitmotif is a repeating melodic phrase in music that is used to represent a character, setting, emotion, or theme.
What is the most famous leitmotif? ›One of the most famous leitmotifs is the 'shark theme' in John Williams's score for Jaws, comprising just two alternating notes in the bass register to signify the menacing approach of the shark. Williams has similarly used Wagnarian-style leitmotifs in his soundtracks for the Star Wars and Harry Potter franchises.
What are the two main types of music therapy? ›Music-based therapy is based on two fundamental methods – the 'receptive' listening based method, and the 'active' method based on playing musical instruments (Guetin et al., 2009).
What is music therapy called? ›Cognitive behavioral music therapy (CBMT): This approach combines cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with music. In CBMT, music is used to reinforce some behaviors and modify others. This approach is structured, not improvisational, and may include listening to music, dancing, singing, or playing an instrument.
Who benefits the most from music therapy? ›Music therapy may be beneficial to those who find it difficult to express themselves in words, including children, adolescents, adults and seniors. Treatment may help those with: Mental health needs. Developmental and learning disabilities.
Why are people against music therapy? ›Anxiety - While in some cases music may help ease anxiety disorders, in others it may cause or increase anxiety. The wrong music can cause distress and heightened anxiety in Alzheimer's patients. The lyrics can have a huge impact on the mental state of the client the therapist is treating.
What happens to the brain during music therapy? ›Engaging in music has been shown to facilitate neuroplasticity, therefore positively influencing quality of life and overall functioning. Research has shown that music activates cognitive, motor, and speech centers in the brain through accessing shared neural systems.
What are the 4 methods of music therapy? ›- Compositional music therapy.
- Improvisation music therapy.
- Receptive music therapy.
- Re-creative music therapy.
The six-string F chord is one of the hardest standard chord shape to play on the guitar. When many people try to play the F chord on guitar (and often succeed), it's with far too much struggle and effort than is actually necessary. Even extremely influential guitarists can have a hard time with barre chords.
What is the 1 3 5 rule in chords? ›
The Basics: Triads and the 1 3 5 Rule
In simple terms, the rule states that the root note serves as the starting point, the third note determines whether the chord is major or minor, and the fifth note adds stability and support to the chord's structure.
The 'I–V–vi–IV progression is a common chord progression popular across several genres of music. It involves the I, V, vi, and IV chords of any particular musical scale. For example, in the key of C major, this progression would be: C–G–Am–F. Rotations include: I–V–vi–IV : C–G–Am–F.
What are the strongest cadences? ›In a perfect authentic cadence (PAC), the chords are in root position – that is, the roots of both chords are in the bass – and the tonic is in the highest voice of the final chord. This is generally considered the strongest type of cadence and often found at structurally defining moments.
What is a Candace in music? ›Cadence Music Definition
Cadence in music is the finale of a piece, so to speak. Cadence occurs at the end of a phrase of music and is thought of as a rhythmic, melodic, or harmonic change in the musical work.
The PERFECT AUTHENTIC CADENCE is the strongest of all cadences and occurs most often at the end of a complete piece of music or at the end of large sections of music (but can, of course, occur elsewhere). It moves from Dominant area to Tonic area very directly.
What is a 5 3 chord? ›5-3 means root position chord. Look at the bass note (B). Add a note which is a fifth higher (F#) and another which is a third higher (D). This makes a root position chord: B-D-F#.
What is 6 4 in music theory? ›64 is typically created when the bass leaps to the fifth of a chord while the upper voices sustain the chord. It's commonly found in, for example, ending bass arpeggiations (Example 3) or waltz-style accompaniments (Example 5).
What is the creepiest key signature? ›So in the key of A minor, the notes would be A – C – E, and F. But you can take this into any key and make that riff. All you've got to do it take a basic minor triad in any key, and add the minor 6th note (one semitone above the 5th) to give it that creepy, suspenseful vibe. There you have it!
What is the happiest sounding key? ›Noisy shouts of joy, laughing pleasure and not yet complete, full delight lies in E Major.
Why is minor key creepy? ›The tonic (C) is the strongest note and draws more of our attention, so minor chords like this trigger more sensory dissonance, a kind of tension that stems from the clashing of closely spaced frequencies.
What is the most beautiful key? ›
While Key Largo is undoubtedly the prettiest of all the Florida Keys, it's also one that's home to plenty of activities for the avid beachgoer.
Why do minors sound sad? ›Why do minor keys sound sad? Because of the melodic relationships. If you play the white keys on the keyboard from C to C, it'll have a bright or happy sound. Conversely, if you play from A to A, it'll have a dark or sad sound.
What is a dead key on a piano? ›A piano key is considered “dead” when it does not make a sound when struck. This is a common occurrence with pianos both new and old, especially in Florida. The usual culprit for our climate is humidity. Many modern pianos have dehumidifiers built in to the cabinet.
What is it called when a pianist plays all the keys? ›Glissando basically means a slide over all the keys.
What are the two black keys on a piano called? ›The black keys on a piano are for sharps and flats.
What is a closing piece of music called? ›In music, the conclusion is the ending of a composition and may take the form of a coda or outro.
What is a piano solo called? ›A piano concerto, a type of concerto, is a solo composition in the classical music genre which is composed for piano accompanied by an orchestra or other large ensemble. Piano concertos are typically virtuosic showpieces which require an advanced level of technique.
What is a fancy word for music? ›| melody | harmony |
|---|---|
| refrain | sound |
| symphony | theme |
| tones | hymn |
| jingle | line |
A melodic line that is the reverse of a previously or simultaneously stated line is said to be its retrograde or cancrizans (/ˈkæŋkrɪˌzænz/ "walking backward", medieval Latin, from cancer "crab"). An exact retrograde includes both the pitches and rhythms in reverse.
What is it called when two melodies are sung at the same time? ›polyphony, in music, the simultaneous combination of two or more tones or melodic lines (the term derives from the Greek word for “many sounds”). Thus, even a single interval made up of two simultaneous tones or a chord of three simultaneous tones is rudimentarily polyphonic.
What is wagnerian leitmotif? ›
One of Wagner's greatest gifts to music was the Leitmotif. Simply put, it's a musical signature designed to represent a character or theme in an opera, and he uses them throughout his operas. Modern film composers have since adopted the technique, and you'll find countless examples across many Hollywood scores.
Whose music first used the leitmotif? ›The term was first used by writers analyzing the music dramas of Richard Wagner, with whom the leitmotif technique is particularly associated. They applied it to the “representative themes” that characterize his works.
Does c3po have a leitmotif? ›Canon. A droids motif was introduced in the 1980 film Star Wars: Episode V The Empire Strikes Back to represent the droids C-3PO and R2-D2. Written by John Williams and performed by the London Symphony Orchestra, the leitmotif is played several times in The Empire Strikes Back.
When did doctors start using music therapy? ›In the 1920s, music made its way into hospitals all the way from operating rooms to recovery areas. By the conclusion of WWII, the value of music therapy was known and widespread. It was being used in treatment of psychiatric disorders, veterans, medical diagnoses, and those with physical disabilities.
When was music first used for healing? ›However, while hypotheses abound about how and why music evolved and remained part of the human fabric, few have experimental or descriptive evidence to corroborate them. The oldest example of the contextual use of music for healing may be the depiction of harp-playing priests and musicians in frescos from 4000 BCE.
When did music therapy first begin? ›The earliest known reference to music therapy appeared in 1789: an article in Columbian Magazine titled Music Physically Considered. The first recorded music therapy intervention & systematic experiments in music therapy were conducted in the 1800s.
How long has music been used in medicine? ›The earliest known reference to music therapy appeared in 1789 in an unsigned article in Columbian Magazine titled “Music Physically Considered.” In the early 1800s, writings on the therapeutic value of music appeared in two medical dissertations proposing music as an intervention to treat medical diseases.
Do doctors recommend music therapy? ›Some doctors (GPs and specialists) recommend music therapy to treat ailments, like heart diseases, PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorders), Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, brain dysfunction, and depression. Oxford University holds that classical music can help improve heart conditions and maintain blood pressure.
What is a music therapist called? ›Music therapists in mental health clinics may work as part of a larger treatment team, collaborating with other healthcare professionals such as psychologists and psychiatrists. Music Therapists are also known as: Neurological Music Therapist Music Rehabilitation Therapist.
What is another name for music therapy? ›Cognitive behavioral music therapy (CBMT): This approach combines cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with music. In CBMT, music is used to reinforce some behaviors and modify others. This approach is structured, not improvisational, and may include listening to music, dancing, singing, or playing an instrument.
Who coined music therapy? ›
Thayer Gaston, known as the “father of music therapy,” was instrumental in moving the profession forward in terms of an organizational and educational point of view.
What did Aristotle say about music? ›Like Plato, Aristotle thought music to be fundamentally imitative and agreed that music had the propensity to affect the human soul. “There seems to be in us a sort of affinity to musical modes and rhythms,” he says, which ensures that “we are affected in a certain manner” (Aristotle, 5).
Who does music therapy help the most? ›Music therapy may be beneficial to those who find it difficult to express themselves in words, including children, adolescents, adults and seniors. Treatment may help those with: Mental health needs. Developmental and learning disabilities.
What are the contraindications for music therapy? ›What are the Indications and Contraindications for Music Therapy? Depression, anger, pain, anxiety, insomnia, nausea/ vomiting, boredom, loneliness, and confusion can be treated with music therapy; the only contraindication is patient preference.
Is music a drug for the brain? ›Music and drugs both create pleasure by acting on the brain's opioid system. Singing can release endorphins, which many drugs do as well. Many drugs, like prescriptions, can dull pain. Music has also been shown to provide a sense of relief in stressful or painful situations like surgeries.
How does music therapy affect the brain? ›Engaging in music has been shown to facilitate neuroplasticity, therefore positively influencing quality of life and overall functioning. Research has shown that music activates cognitive, motor, and speech centers in the brain through accessing shared neural systems.
What is the oldest music available? ›The earliest fragment of musical notation is found on a 4,000-year-old Sumerian clay tablet, which includes instructions and tunings for a hymn honoring the ruler Lipit-Ishtar.